00695nam a2200085Ia 4500100002400000245008400024260000900108520047400117583001800591  aCarrère, Céline  aThe Doha Round and market access for LDCs : scenarios for the EU and US markets  c2010  aEstimates that, once the erosion from preferential access into the EU to non-LDCs is taken into account, LDCs have about a three percent preferential margin in the EU market.  In the US market, in spite of preferences under the African Growth and Opportunity Act, on a trade-related basis, LDCs are discriminated against.  Under various 'swiss formulas' for tariff cuts, effective market access for LDCs in EU will be negligible and still negative in the United States.  c3/24/10kJOYD